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运维

NGINX

小狐狸
小狐狸
2024-08-21 / 0 评论 / 0 点赞 / 16 阅读 / 0 字 / 正在检测是否收录...

nginx安装

[root@localhost nginx-1.24.0]#yum install gcc pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel -y
[root@localhost nginx-1.24.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.24.0]#make
[root@localhost nginx-1.24.0]#make install

启动nginx

./nginx 启动

./nginx -s stop 停止

./nginx -s quit 优雅停止，在推出前完成已接受的连接请求

./nginx -s reload 重新加载配置

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx
[root@localhost sbin]#firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
[root@localhost sbin]#firewall-cmd --reload
[root@localhost sbin]#ps -ef | grep nginx

完成系统服务

创建服务脚本

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

服务脚本内容

[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
ExecQuit=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WanteBy=multi-user.target

重新加载系统服务

[root@localhost sbin]#systemctl daemon-reload

nginx配置文件解析

最小配置

#默认为1，表示开启一个业务进程，开启一个work进程;看cpu核心数分配
worker_processes  1;



events {
    #单个业务进程可接受连接数（每个work进程可接受连接数）
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    # 引入http mime类型（mime.types里面存储请求头类型）
    include       mime.types;
    # 如果mime类型没有匹配上，默认使用二进制流的方式传输
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    #使用linux的sendfile(socket,file,len)搞笑网络传输，也就是0拷贝
    sendfile        on;
    #连接超时
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #虚拟主机
    server {
        #监听端口号
        listen       80;
        #主机、域名(vhost)
        server_name  localhost;


        #uri
        location / {
            #目录
            root   html;
            #默认页
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }


    }


}

域名解析

[root@localhost ~]#  cd
[root@localhost ~]#  mkdir www
[root@localhost www]# cd www
[root@localhost www]# mkdir www
[root@localhost www]# mkdir vod
[root@localhost www]# cd vod
[root@localhost vod]# echo "this is vod web site." >> index.html
[root@localhost vod]# cd ..
[root@localhost www]# cd www
[root@localhost www]# echo "this is www web site." >> index.html

[root@localhost www]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user  root;
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.mmban.com;

        location / {
            root   /root/www/www;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name vod.mmban.com;

    location / {
    root /root/www/vod;
    index index.html index.htm;
    }

 error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
   }
}

windows主机hosts配置如下:

虚拟机所装系统IP地址  www.mmban.com
虚拟机所装系统IP地址  vod.mmban.com

ServerName匹配规则

server_name可以配置多个站点，如:

server_name vod.mmban.com vod1.mmban.com;

server_name支持通配符配置，如下:

server_name *.mmban.com;
server_name www.mmban.*;

server_name支持正则匹配，如下:

server_name   ~^[0-9]+\.mmban\.com$;

反向代理

user  root;
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            #填写要代理的网站地址
            proxy_pass http://www.gaoqiulin.top;  
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

负载均衡

user  root;
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
upstream webs{   
    server 192.168.6.134:80;
    server 192.168.6.135:80;
}
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://webs;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }      
    }
}

权重

upstream webs{   
    server 192.168.6.134:80 weight=8;
    server 192.168.6.135:80 weight=2;
}
upstream webs{   
    #加上down这台机器不参与负载均衡
    server 192.168.6.134:80 weight=8 down;
    server 192.168.6.135:80 weight=2;
}
upstream webs{   
    server 192.168.6.134:80 weight=8;    
    #加上backup说明该机器是备用机
    server 192.168.6.135:80 weight=2 backup;
}

动静分离

user  root;
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://192.168.6.134:8080;
        }
         
        location /js{
          root html;  
        }
        location /img {
          root html;  
        }
        location /css {
          root html;  
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }      
    }
}

使用正则匹配

user  root;
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://192.168.6.134:8080;
        }
         
        location ~*/(js|img|css) {
          root html;  
        }
     
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }      
    }
}

URLRewrite

user  root;
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            rewrite  ^/([0-9]+).html$                 /index.jsp?pageNum=$1 break;
            proxy_pass http://192.168.6.134:8080;
        }
         
        location ~*/(js|img|css) {
          root html;  
        }
     
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }      
    }
}

0
nginx
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